How is the hottest mirror glass made

How to make mirror glass

plane mirrors are made by depositing a layer of silver film on the surface of flat glass by electroless silver plating. Its chemical principle is that silver ions are precipitated as metallic silver crystals under the action of reducing groups of organic matter. In order to obtain a fine and bright silver film, it is necessary to control the precipitation and deposition rate of silver. The mirror surface of an ordinary mirror is silvery white. When making a mirror, a small amount of silver (translucent) is precipitated on the mirror, and then a layer of color paint is coated on the silver film to get a color mirror. The experimental speed can reach 0.001mm/min ⑴ 000mm/min. Another kind of color mirror can be obtained by carrying out the usual silver mirror reaction with transparent colored flat glass

(1) preparation of silver ammonia solution add concentrated ammonia water drop by drop in 5% silver nitrate solution until the precipitate disappears. Add another 10% sodium hydroxide solution (add a drop of sodium hydroxide solution per ml of silver nitrate), and then add concentrated ammonia drop by drop until the precipitation disappears again. Then drip the silver nitrate solution back until the solution is slightly turbid. Finally, add 2 times the volume of distilled water to dilute. If diluted with a dilute solution of peach glue, the quality of the color mirror is better. (2) For the preparation of color transparent polyurethane, xylene and cyclohexanone are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:4 as the solvent. Weigh 1/20 of the solvent mass of transparent pigment and add it to the solvent, stirring constantly until it is completely dissolved. Slowly add the prepared transparent pigment solution to polyurethane (trade name: clear water 685, a varnish), stir while adding, and add until the chromaticity meets the requirements

method 1: you can use the blue or tawny news universal testing machine, one-way pulsation fatigue testing machine, impact testing machine, etc. bought in the market, and the red glass pieces can be processed into color mirrors. (1) Wipe the glass plate repeatedly with a soft cotton cloth dipped in detergent, and then rinse it with water. Use a soft cotton cloth or a clean blackboard eraser to dip some iron red powder (iron oxide powder) on the glass plate and scrub it repeatedly to completely remove the dirt and greasy on the surface. Finally, rinse it repeatedly with water until there is no red iron red powder left, the water film on the glass surface is uniform, and there are no drops of water. (2) Rinse with dilute stannous chloride solution for 2 ~ 3 times, so that the places where the glass plate is to be silvered are soaked, so that its surface is sensitized. Then rinse with distilled water for 2 ~ 3 times to remove chloride ions. Put the cleaned flat glass on the table top or other supports to keep the glass horizontal, absorb the water drops hanging on the edge, but do not touch the cleaned surface. (3) Mix the deformation of the strain sheet in the sensor caused by the external force P of the silver ammonia solution with 4% sodium potassium tartrate in the volume ratio of 1:1, and immediately pour it carefully on the glass (if there is no sodium potassium tartrate, it can be replaced by 0.2mol/l glucose solution). The amount of mixed liquid can be calculated according to the mirror making area. Generally, about 30ml of mixed liquid is required per square decimeter. The mixed liquid should cover the glass surface and accumulate to a certain thickness. (4) After standing for about 10 minutes (the time is related to room temperature, and the higher the room temperature, the shorter the time), pour out the residual test solution on the glass, and then carefully wash the surface with silver particles with a small flow of water. Then repeat the operation for 1 ~ 2 times according to the method of operation (3). (5) Pick up the glass sheet and look at the place where there is light. If the glass sheet is no longer transparent, you can. (6) Carefully drench the residual liquid on the glass surface with a small flow of water. Then dry the mirror (it must be completely dry). Finally, dip a soft brush into the xylene diluted polyurethane glue and carefully apply it on the silver surface. After it is dry, you can also coat a layer of red lead paint as the protective layer of the silver mirror

method 2: the operation of making color mirrors (1) to (4) with ordinary colorless glass is the same as the above method 1. (5) Pick up the glass and look at the place with light. If the silver surface is painted evenly and completely, and the glass is translucent. Wash and dry carefully with the above methods. (6) Use a soft brush to evenly coat the colored transparent polyurethane prepared in front on the silver surface, and then dry it

(1) in addition to the ratio of mixed solution, the most important factor that determines the quality of mirror making is the cleaning of glass. As long as the glass is flat and clean, it can be made into bright and uniform silver mirrors. (2) The cleaned glass surface cannot be touched by fingers, and the place touched by fingers is not easy to be coated with silver. (3) The placement of glass should ensure that the polyurethane material will continue to increase and maintain the level in the consumption of cars, so as to ensure the uniform distribution of silver plating solution. (4) If the room temperature is too low (in winter), you can use a hair dryer to heat it slightly. (5) Before applying polyurethane or colored transparent polyurethane, the silver surface must be dry, otherwise the silver surface is easy to fall off. (6) Silver ammonia solution cannot be stored for a long time to prevent it from being converted into silver fulminate (agonc) or silver azide (AgN3) and causing explosion. The mixed solution after reaction should be treated in time and cannot be stored. (7) After silver ammonia solution and sodium potassium tartrate solution are mixed, silver begins to precipitate, so the amount of mixed solution should be calculated during operation, and the amount of mixed solution should be prepared as much as possible to avoid waste